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Seychelles island owner Brendon Grimshaw was 87 when he died.
Brendon Grimshaw was an extraordinary man who transformed the barren land of Moyenne Island into the paradise it is today.
The wildlife sanctuary has been declared a national park, and huts have been built on its grounds.
A warden has been appointed who takes a certain sum from the tourists for their upkeep.
Obituary| Who Was Brendon Grimshaw， And What Was His Death Cause?
Brendon Grimshaw was the owner of the island of Moyenne on the north coast of Mahé in the Seychelles.
He reportedly breathed his last at Maha, Victoria, where he was staying.
After 40 years of hard work, they had hand-trimmed over 16,000 trees, growing them 70 feet tall and 3 miles long.
The tree in turn attracted 2,000 birds and 120 tortoises, which Grimshaw tended to.
A year after his death, the archipelago received the title of a national park.
Brendon Grimshaw Age And Wikipedia
Brendon Grimshaw, 87, used to be a news editor for a company in Nairobi, Africa. When his contract expired, he deced to sell everything he owned and travel the world.
His expeditions sent him to India, but the small area stole his heart.
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After buying the land for a whopping $8,000, he and his partner Rene Lafortune undertook the arduous task of restoring the site to its former glory.
D Brendon Grimshaw Have A Wife Or Partner?
Brendon Grimshaw has no partner as he lived a solitary life. After the death of his partner in 2007, he became lonely.
While amst the flora and fauna, he carried a book entitled A Grain Of Sand, which has been the subject of many documentaries.
In fact, he was never in it for the money, turning down the $50 million offer when asked to sell the visit to millionaires who had used it as a designated party heaway.
What Is the Story Behind The Seychelles Island
The small piece of land in the Seychelles was named after a French word meaning mdle.
The history of the beaches says it was a haven for pirates in the 18th and 19th centuries. They are tombs located in different parts of the territory that bear witness to its bloody history.
In the m 19th century the island was bought privately by Phillip Georges. His wife roamed the beaches while her husband went to work in Maha.
The couple met Grimshaw over dinner, where he made them an offer they couldn’t refuse.
Beses, they had no choice but to relinquish the right to the barren land.
Who owns Seychelles island?
Independence. In 1976, Seychelles was granted independence from the United Kingdom and became a republic. It has been a member of the Commonwealth ever since. In the 1970s Seychelles was “the place to be seen, a playground for film stars and the international jet set”.
Who owns moyenne?
Brendon Grimshaw purchased Moyenne Island off the north coast of Mahé, Seychelles, in the early 1960s for £8,000 when working as the editor of a newspaper in Africa. Determined to life afresh on this island jewel which today forms part of the Ste.
Where is Moyenne Island located?
Moyenne Island is a small island (9.9 ha or 24 acres) in the Sainte Anne Marine National Park off the north coast of Mahé, Seychelles. Since the 1970s onwards, it has been a flora and fauna reserve.
Where are the Seychelle Islands?
Situated between latitudes 4° and 11° S and longitudes 46° and 56° E, the major islands of Seychelles are located about 1,000 miles (1,600 km) east of Kenya and about 700 miles (1,100 km) northeast of Madagascar. The capital, Victoria, is situated on the island of Mahé.
Do they speak English in Seychelles?
Languages spoken
95% Seychellois speak Seychellois Creole (Seselwa) derived from French. French and English are both also spoken.
What are the Seychelles famous for?
- Beautiful Beaches. The first thing that comes to mind when you say Seychelles is the white sand beaches that are surrounded by greenery. …
- Coco De Mer. …
- Giant Aldabra Tortoise. …
- Creole Cuisine. …
- UNESCO World Heritage Sites. …
- Island Hopping. …
- Most Photographed Beach.
Is Seychelles safe?
Most visits to Seychelles are trouble free. However, there have been instances of break-ins, robberies, burglaries and opportunist thefts against residents, expatriates and tourists. Crime is generally non-violent, but bags have been snatched, cars broken into and tourists robbed while walking at night.
What is the capital of Seychelles?
What’s the smallest national park in the world?
With that, Moyenne Island National Park, the world’s smallest national park, was born.
Why is Seychelles so rich?
The economy of Seychelles is based on fishing, tourism, processing of coconuts and vanilla, coir (coconut fiber) rope, boat building, printing, furniture and beverages. Agricultural products include cinnamon, sweet potatoes, cassava (tapioca), bananas, poultry and tuna. $1.583 billion (nominal, 2018 est.)
Is Seychelles a poor country?
Poverty rate in Seychelles stands at 25.3% |28 January 2021
About 25.3 percent of Seychellois population was found to be living below the poverty line in 2018, according to a joint study on inequality and poverty rates for Seychelles by the National Bureau of Standards and the World Bank, released this month.
What religion is Seychelles?
According to the 2010 census conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics, approximately 76 percent of the population is Roman Catholic. Other religious groups include Anglicans (6 percent), Hindus (2.4 percent), and Muslims (1.6 percent).
He bought an ISLAND 60 years ago for $13000…He moved there and never came back
Images related to the topicHe bought an ISLAND 60 years ago for $13000…He moved there and never came back
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Obituary Notice Of Brendon Grimshaw From Seychelles?
Bio, Wiki, Age, Height, Partner, Relationships & Net Worth · Brendon Grimshaw d not have a wife as he by no means were given married.
Source: celebrilla.com
Date Published: 6/21/2022
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Unbelievable life story of Brendon Grimshaw | Moyenne Island
Brendon d not come from London, and he worked mostly in East Africa. Pingback: Obituary: Who is Brendon Grimshaw? Seychelles Wikipedia & Story …
Source: infocannep.com
Date Published: 1/10/2022
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Brendon Grimshaw, Owner of a Tropical Island in the Seychelles
Rene died a few years ago, so now the tortoises and several pet dogs are Brendons companions. I asked him if hes ever been lonely. Yes, only …
Source: grimshaworigin.org
Date Published: 4/23/2022
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Who Was Brendon Grimshaw, And What Was His Death Cause?
Seychelles Island proprietor Brendon Grimshaw was 87 years old all through his demise. In this post, know more about Obituary| Who Was Brendon Grimshaw, …
Source: wikistardom.com
Date Published: 2/21/2021
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Moyenne Island
Small island in Ste Anne Marine National Park off the north coast of Mahé, Seychelles
Moyenne Island is a small island (9.9 ha or 24 acres) in the Sainte Anne Marine National Park off the north coast of Mahé, Seychelles. It has been a flora and fauna reserve since the 1970s. The island was abandoned from 1915 through the 1960s until Brendon Grimshaw bought it for £8,000 (about $10,000). He was a newspaper editor from Dewsbury in Yorkshire, England.
Grimshaw was the island’s sole resident until his death in July 2012.[1] The island is now a national park and can be visited as part of organized excursions.[2][3]
history [edit]
Moyenne information panel (March 2016)
The island’s name was derived from the French moyenne, “middle”. It was said to have been used by pirates in the 18th and 19th centuries and contains two tombs called pirate tombs.
From 1946 to 1962 the island was owned by the late Philippe Georges. He and his wife Vera Georges had lived on the island in the early years and later moved to Mahé where they lived on the estate known as Fairview. An island view and a beach were named after Vera, who spent her days on the property while her husband Philippe worked on Mahe during the day.
Philippe sold the island to Brendon Grimshaw after they had dinner together. Philippe and Vera were very hospitable and invited Brendon to dinner when he approached them to buy their island. After a lengthy dinner, an agreement was reached. Grimshaw bought the island in 1962 for £8,000.[4]
Grimshaw and local youth René Antoine Lafortune[5] planted sixteen thousand trees, built 4.8 kilometers (3 miles) of nature trails and introduced and bred Aldabra giant tortoises to create an island of incredible beauty. In addition to a wide variety of plant and bird species, the island is home to around 120 giant tortoises.[6] In 2012, according to Grimshaw, the eldest was 76 years old and was named Desmond after his godson.
In 1996 Grimshaw wrote a book about himself and the island entitled A Grain of Sand.[7] In 2009 a documentary entitled A Grain of Sand was produced about Grimshaw and the island.
After 20 years of perseverance, Grimshaw and his assistant Lafortune achieved their goal of making Moyenne Island a national park in its own right,[10] separate from that of Ste. Anne marine park. The island is now known as Moyenne Island National Park.[11] The island is 4.5 kilometers (2+1⁄2 nautical miles) from the main island of Mahé.
Grimshaw died in Victoria, Mahé, in July 2012.
After the island was granted national park status in 2013, a new hut was built and a warden was stationed on the island to collect entrance fees from tourists.[12]
Administration [edit]
The island belongs to the district of Mont Fleuri.[13]
Tourism[edit]
Today the island’s main industry is tourism and it is well known for its beaches, particularly Anse Creole Travel Services (formerly known as Anse Jolly Roger). The restaurant on the beach is a paradise for tourists. The mayor’s house is behind the restaurant. The island is also visited for its wide variety of marine life such as fish, sharks and rays.
Image gallery[edit]
card 1
Moyenne Island
View of the island of Mahé
Moyenne Island
References[edit]
Seychelles
Indian Ocean country
Coordinates:
Seychelles ( , ;[6][7] French: [sɛʃɛl][8][9][10] or [seʃɛl][11]), officially the Republic of Seychelles (French: République des Seychelles; Creole: La Repiblik Sesel) , is a 115 island country in the Indian Ocean on the eastern edge of the Somali Sea. The capital and largest city, Victoria, is 1,500 kilometers (800 nautical miles) east of mainland Africa. Nearby island nations and territories include the Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius and the French overseas regions of Mayotte and Réunion to the south; and Maldives and the Chagos Archipelago (administered by the United Kingdom as the British Indian Ocean Territory) to the east. It is the most sparsely populated sovereign African country with an estimated 2020 population of 98,462.[12]
The Seychelles were uninhabited before Europeans discovered them in the 16th century. It faced competing French and British interests until coming under full British control in the late 18th century. Since proclaiming independence from the United Kingdom in 1976, it has evolved from a largely agricultural society into a market-based diversified economy characterized by fast-growing service, public sector and tourism activities. From 1976 to 2015, nominal GDP grew by almost 700% and purchasing power parity by almost 1600%. Since the late 2010s, the government has taken steps to encourage foreign investment.
Today, the Seychelles boast the highest nominal GDP per capita of any African nation. It has the second highest Human Development Index of any African country after Mauritius. It is one of only two African countries classified as a high-income economy by the World Bank (the other being Mauritius).
Seychelles culture and society is an eclectic mix of French, British and African influences, with more recent influences of Chinese and Indian elements. The country is a member of the United Nations, the African Union, the Southern African Development Community and the Commonwealth of Nations.
history [edit]
The Seychelles were uninhabited until the 18th century when Europeans arrived with enslaved Africans. It remained a British colony from 1814 until independence in 1976. The Seychelles have never been inhabited by indigenous people, but their islanders retain their own Creole heritage.
Early history [edit]
The Seychelles have been uninhabited for most of recorded history. Tombs on the island, visible until 1910, are the basis for the scholarly assumption that Austronesian seafarers and later Maldivian and Arab traders were the first to visit the archipelago.[13] Vasco da Gama and his 4th Portuguese Indian Armada discovered the Seychelles on March 15, 1503; The first sighting was made by Thomé Lopes aboard the Rui Mendes de Brito. Da Gama’s ships passed near an elevated island, probably Silhouette Island, and Desroches Island the next day. They charted a group of seven islands and named them “The Seven Sisters”.[14] The earliest recorded landing was in January 1609 by the Ascension’s crew under Captain Alexander Sharpeigh during the fourth voyage of the British East India Company.
As a transit point for trade between Africa and Asia, the islands were said to have been occasionally used by pirates until the French began to take control in 1756 when Captain Nicholas Morphey laid a stone of possession on Mahé. The islands were named after Jean Moreau de Séchelles, Louis XV’s finance minister.[15]
The British frigate Orpheus, commanded by Captain Henry Newcome, reached Mahé on May 16, 1794 during the War of the First Coalition. Terms of surrender were worked out and the next day the Seychelles were handed over to Britain. Jean Baptiste Quéau de Quincy, the French administrator of the Seychelles during the war years with the UK, declined to resist when armed enemy warships arrived. Instead, he successfully negotiated the status of surrender to Britain, giving the settlers a privileged position of neutrality.
Britain finally assumed full control after the surrender of Mauritius in 1810, formalized in the 1814 Treaty of Paris. The Seychelles became a separate crown colony from Mauritius in 1903. Elections were held in 1966 and 1970.
Victoria, Seychelles 1900s
independence [edit]
In 1976, the Seychelles gained independence from the United Kingdom and became a republic. Since then it has been a member of the Commonwealth.[16] In the 1970s, the Seychelles was “the place to be seen, a playground for movie stars and the international jet set.”[17] In 1977, a coup d’état by France, Albert René, ousted the first President of the Republic, James Mancham.[18] René advised against over-reliance on tourism, stating that he wanted to “keep the Seychelles for the Seychelles”.[17]
The 1979 constitution declared a one-party socialist state that lasted until 1991.
In the 1980s there were a number of attempted coups against President René, some of which were supported by South Africa. In 1981, Mike Hoare led a team of 43 South African mercenaries who posed as vacationing rugby players in the 1981 Seychelles coup attempt.[17] A firefight ensued at the airport, and most of the mercenaries later escaped on a hijacked Air India plane.[17] The leader of this kidnapping was the German mercenary D. Clodo, a former member of the Rhodesian SAS.[19] Clodo later stood trial for air piracy in both South Africa (where he was acquitted) and his native Germany.[20]
In 1986, an attempted coup led by Seychelles Defense Minister Ogilvy Berlouis prompted President René to ask India for help. In Operation Flowers are Blooming, the Indian Navy ship Vindhyagiri arrived in Port Victoria to help stave off the coup.[21]
The first draft of a new constitution did not receive the required 60% of the vote in 1992, but an amended version was adopted in 1993.
In January 2013, the Seychelles declared a state of emergency when Tropical Cyclone Felleng caused torrential rain, flooding and landslides destroyed hundreds of homes.[22][23]
After the coup in 1977, the President always represented the same political party until the October 2020 Seychelles general election, which were historic in that the opposition party won. Wavel Ramkalawan was the first President not to represent the United Seychelles (the current name of the former Seychelles People’s Progressive Front).
In 2021, the Moutya, a dance from the slave trade era, was inscribed on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List as a symbol of psychological comfort in its role of resistance to hardship, poverty, bondage and social injustice.[26]
politics [edit]
The Head of State and Government of Seychelles is elected by popular vote for a five-year term. The Cabinet is headed and appointed by the President, subject to the approval of a majority in the Legislature. The current President since 2022 is Wavel Ramkalawan.
The Seychelles’ unicameral parliament, the National Assembly or Assemblée Nationale, consists of 35 members, 26 of whom are directly elected by popular vote, while the remaining nine seats are appointed proportionally according to the percentage of votes received by each party. All members serve a five-year term.
The Seychelles Supreme Court, established in 1903, is the highest court in Seychelles and the first appellate court of all lower courts and tribunals. The highest court in Seychelles is the Seychelles Court of Appeal, the country’s last court of appeal.[27]
Political culture[edit]
Longtime President of the Seychelles, France Albert René, came to power after his supporters overthrew the first President James Mancham in a coup on 5 June 1977 and installed him as President. René was prime minister at the time. René ruled as a strongman under a socialist one-party system until 1993 when he was forced to introduce a multi-party system. He resigned in 2004 in favor of his Vice-President James Michel, who was re-elected in 2006, 2011 and again in 2015.[28][29][30][31] On September 28, 2016, the Office of the President announced that Michel would step down effective October 16 and that Vice President Danny Faure would serve out the remainder of Michel’s term.[32]
On October 26, 2020, Wavel Ramkalawan, a 59-year-old Anglican priest, was elected fifth President of the Republic of Seychelles. Ramkalawan was an opposition MP from 1993 to 2011 and from 2016 to 2020. He was leader of the opposition from 1998 to 2011 and from 2016 to 2020. Ramkalawan defeated incumbent Danny Faure by 54.9% to 43.5%. This was the first time the opposition had won a presidential election.[33][34]
The main political parties are the former ruling Socialist People’s Party (PP), known until 2009 as the Seychelles People’s Progressive Front (SPPF) and now United Seychelles (US), and the social-liberal Seychelles National Party (SNP).[35]
The election to the National Assembly took place from 22 to 24 October 2020. The Seychelles National Party, Seychelles Party for Social Justice and Democracy and Seychelles United Party formed a coalition, Linyon Demokratie Seselwa (LDS). HLT won 25 seats and USA got 10 seats of the 35 seats in the National Assembly.[36]
External Relations[edit]
Seychelles is a member of the United Nations, African Union, Indian Ocean Commission, Francophonie, Southern African Development Community and Commonwealth of Nations.
From 1979 to 1981, the United States and South Africa participated in the failed coup attempt of 1981.[37] Under the Obama administration, the US began conducting drone operations from the Seychelles.[38] In the spring of 2013, members of the Special-Purpose Marine Air-Ground Task Force Africa served troops in the Seychelles, along with a variety of other African nations.[38]
military [edit]
The Seychelles military is the Seychelles People’s Defense Force, which consists of a number of different branches: an infantry unit and coast guard, an air force and a Presidential Protection Unit. India has played and continues to play a key role in the development of the Seychelles military. Following the handover to the Seychelles Coast Guard of two GRSE-built SDB Mk5 patrol vessels, the INS Tarasa and the INS Tarmugli, later renamed PS Constant and PS Topaz, India also donated a Hindustan Aeronautics Limited-built Dornier 228- Airplane ] India also signed a pact to develop Assumption Island, one of the 115 islands that make up the country. It covers 11 km2 (4 sq mi) and is strategically located in the Indian Ocean north of Madagascar. The island is leased by India for strategic asset development.[40] In 2018, the Seychelles signed the UN Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons.[41][42]
imprisonment [edit]
In 2014, the Seychelles had the highest incarceration rate in the world, with 799 prisoners per 100,000 people, exceeding the rate in the United States by 15%.[43] However, the actual population of the country is less than 100,000; As of September 2014, 735 actual prisoners, 6% of whom were women, were being held in three prisons in the Seychelles.[44]
Modern piracy[edit]
Seychelles is a key player in the fight against piracy in the Indian Ocean, which is mainly perpetrated by Somali pirates.[45] Former President James Michel said that piracy costs the international community between US$7 and US$12 million a year: “Pirates cost 4% of Seychelles’ GDP, including direct and indirect costs of lost boats, fisheries and tourism indirect investment for maritime security.” These are factors affecting local fisheries – one of the country’s most important national resources – which suffered a 46% loss in 2008–2009.[45] International contributions in the form of patrol boats , planes or drones were provided to help the Seychelles fight sea piracy.[45]
Administrative divisions [ edit ]
The Seychelles are divided into 26 administrative regions, encompassing all of the inner islands. Eight of the districts make up the capital of the Seychelles and are referred to as Greater Victoria. Another 14 districts are considered the rural part of the main island of Mahé, with two districts on Praslin and one on La Digue, which also include corresponding satellite islands. The rest of the Outer Islands (Îles Eloignées) is the latest district to be recently created by the Ministry of Tourism.
Geography[ edit ]
View of Praslin, the second largest island in the Seychelles
Seychelles map
The Seychelles is an island country located in the Somali Sea segment of the Indian Ocean, northeast of Madagascar and about 1,600 km (860 nm) east of Kenya. The Seychelles Constitution lists 155 named islands,[46] and a further 7 recovered islands were created after the Constitution was published. Most islands are uninhabited, many are designated as nature reserves. The Seychelles’ largest island, Mahé, lies 1,550 km (835 nautical miles) from Mogadishu (the capital of Somalia) across the Somali Sea.[47]
A group of 44 islands (42 granite and 2 coral) occupy the shallow waters of the Seychelles Bank and are collectively referred to as the Inner Islands. They have a total area of 244 km2 (94 sq mi), which is 54% of the total land area of Seychelles and 98% of the total population.
The islands were divided into groups. There are 42 granitic islands known as the granitic Seychelles. These are, in descending order of size: Mahé, Praslin, Silhouette, La Digue, Curieuse, Félicité, Frégate, Ste. Anne, North, Cerf, Marianne, Grand Sœur, Thérèse, Aride, Conception, Petite Sœur, Cousin, Cousine, Long, Récif, Round (Praslin), Anonyme, Mamelles, Moyenne, Ile aux Vaches Marines, L’Islette, Beacon ( Ile Sèche), Cachée, Cocos, Round (Mahé), L’Ilot Frégate, Booby, Chauve Souris (Mahé), Chauve Souris (Praslin), Ile La Fouche, Hodoul, L’Ilot, Rat, Souris, St Pierre ( Praslin), Zavé, Harrison Rocks (Grand Rocher).
Anse Source d’Argent beach on La Digue island
There are two coral sand islands north of the granites on the edge of the Seychelles Bank: Denis and Bird. There are two coral islands south of the Granitics: Coëtivy and Platte.
There are 29 coral islands in the Amirantes group, west of the granites: Desroches, Poivre Atoll (composed of three islands – Poivre, Florentin and South Island), Alphonse, D’Arros, St Joseph Atoll (composed of 14 islands – St. Joseph). , Île aux Fouquets, Resource, Petit Carcassaye, Grand Carcassaye, Benjamin, Bancs Ferrari, Chiens, Pélicans, Vars, Île Paul, Banc de Sable, Banc aux Cocos and Île aux Poules), Marie Louise, Desnœufs, African Banks (consisting of two islands—African Banks and South Island), Rémire, St. François, Boudeuse, Étoile, Bijoutier.
There are 13 coral islands in the Farquhar Group, south-southwest of the Amirantes: Farquhar Atoll (consisting of 10 islands – Bancs de Sable, Déposés, Île aux Goëlettes, Lapins, Île du Milieu, North Manaha, South Manaha, Middle Manaha, North Island and South Island), Providence Atoll (consisting of two islands – Providence and Bancs Providence) and St. Pierre.
Mahe Island
There are 67 elevated coral islands in the Aldabra Group, west of the Farquhar Group: Aldabra Atoll (consisting of 46 islands – Grande Terre, Picard, Polymnie, Malabar, Île Michel, Île Esprit, Île aux Moustiques, Ilot Parc, Ilot Émile , Ilot Yangue, Ilot Magnan, Ile Lanier, Champignon des Os, Euphrates, Grand Mentor, Grand Ilot, Gros Ilot Gionnet, Gros Ilot Sésame, Héron Rock, Hide Island, Ile aux Aigrettes, Ile aux Cèdres, Iles Chalands, Ile Fangame, Ile Héron , Ile Michel, Ile Squacco, Ile Sylvestre, Ile Verte, Ilot Déder, Ilot du Sud, Ilot du Milieu, Ilot du Nord, Ilot Dubois, Ilot Macoa, Ilot Marquoix, Ilots Niçois, Ilot Salade, Middle Row Island, Noddy Rock, North Row Island, Petit Mentor, Petit Mentor Endans, Petits Ilots, Pink Rock and Table Ronde), Assumption Island, Astove and Cosmoledo Atoll (consisting of 19 islands – Menai, Île du Nord (West-North), Île Nord- Est (East-North). ), Île du Trou, Goélettes, Grand Polyte, Petit Polyte, Grand Île (Magicians), Pagoda, Île du Sud-Ouest (South), Île aux Moustiques, Île Baleine, Île aux Chauve-Souris, Île aux Macaques, Île aux Rats, Île du Nord-Ouest, Île Observation, Île Sud-Est and Ilot la Croix).
In addition to these 155 islands, there are 7 islands reclaimed under the Seychelles Constitution: Ile Perseverance, Ile Aurore, Romainville, Eden Island, Eve, Ile du Port and Ile Soleil.
South Island, African Banks has been eroded by the sea. On St Joseph Atoll, Banc de Sable and Pelican Island have also eroded, while Grand Carcassaye and Petit Carcassaye have merged into one island. There are also several unnamed islands at Aldabra, St. Joseph Atoll and Cosmoledo. Although Pti Astove was named, he did not make it into the Constitution for unknown reasons. Bancs Providence is not a single island but a dynamic archipelago made up of four large and about six very small islands in 2016.
Climate [ edit ]
The climate is temperate, although fairly humid as the islands are small,[48] and is classified as tropical rainforest (Af) by the Köppen-Geiger system. The temperature varies little throughout the year. Temperatures on Mahé vary from 24 to 30 °C (75 to 86 °F), and rainfall ranges from 2,900 mm (114 in) annually in Victoria to 3,600 mm (142 in) on the mountain slopes. Rainfall levels are slightly lower on the other islands.[49]
During the coolest months of July and August, the average low is around 24°C (75°F). The southeast trade winds blow regularly from May to November and this is the most pleasant time of the year. The hot months are from December to April with higher humidity (80%). March and April are the hottest months, but the temperature rarely exceeds 31°C (88°F). Most of the islands are outside the cyclone belt, so strong winds are rare.[49]
Climate data for Victoria (Seychelles International Airport) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Average High Temperature °C (°F) 29.8
(85.6) 30.4
(86.7) 31.0
(87.8) 31.4
(88.5) 30.5
(86.9) 29.1
(84.4) 28.3
(82.9) 28.4
(83.1) 29.1
(84.4) 29.6
(85.3) 30.1
(86.2) 30.0
(86.0) 29.8
(85.6) Daily mean °C (°F) 26.8
(80.2) 27.3
(81.1) 27.8
(82.0) 28.0
(82.4) 27.7
(81.9) 26.6
(79.9) 25.8
(78.4) 25.9
(78.6) 26.4
(79.5) 26.7
(80.1) 26.8
(80.2) 26.7
(80.1) 26.9
(80.4) Average low °C (°F) 24.1
(75.4) 24.6
(76.3) 24.8
(76.6) 25.0
(77.0) 25.4
(77.7) 24.6
(76.3) 23.9
(75.0) 23.9
(75.0) 24.2
(75.6) 24.3
(75.7) 24.0
(75.2) 23.9
(75.0) 24.4
(75.9) Average rainfall mm (inches) 379
(14.9) 262
(10.3) 167
(6.6) 177
(7.0) 124
(4.9) 63
(2.5) 80
(3.1) 97
(3.8) 121
(4.8) 206
(8.1) 215
(8.5) 281
(11.1) 2.172
(85.6) Mean days of precipitation (≥ 1.0 mm) 17 11 11 14 11 10 10 10 11 12 14 18 149 Mean relative humidity (%) 82 80 79 80 79 79 80 79 78 79 80 82 79.8 Mean monthly hours of sunshine 153 .3 175.5 210.5 227.8 252.8 232.0 230.5 230.7 227.7 220.7 195.7 170.5 2,527.7 Source 1: World Meteorological Organization[50] Source 2: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration[51]
wildlife [edit]
Left: Seychelles paradise flycatcher; right: flocks of birds on Bird Island Seychelles
An Aldabra giant tortoise
The Seychelles is among the world leaders in protecting land for endangered species, dedicating 42% of its territory to protection.[52] Like many fragile island ecosystems, the Seychelles experienced biodiversity loss when humans first settled in the region, including the disappearance of most giant tortoises from the granite islands, deforestation of coastal and mid-forest forests, and the extinction of species such as the Chestnut flanking the white eye, the Seychelles Parakeet and the Saltwater Crocodile. However, the extinction was far less than on islands like Mauritius or Hawaii, partly due to a shorter occupation by the colonizers. The Seychelles are now known for success stories in protecting their flora and fauna. The Seychelles’ rare black parrot, the country’s national bird, is now protected.
The freshwater crab genus Seychellum is endemic to the granitic Seychelles, and another 26 species of crab and five species of hermit crab live on the islands.[53] The Aldabra giant tortoise now populates many of the islands of the Seychelles; The Aldabra population is the largest remaining. These unique reptiles can even be found in herds in captivity. The granitic islands of Seychelles can host different species of Seychelles giant tortoises; the status of the various populations is currently unclear. The Seychelles is home to some of the largest seabird colonies in the world, particularly on the outer islands of Aldabra and Cosmoledo. The granite Seychelles is home to the largest colonies on Aride Island, including the world’s largest number of two species. Sooty terns also breed on the islands. Other birds include Cattle Egrets (Bubulcus ibis) and White Terns (Gygis alba).[54] More than 1,000 species of fish have been recorded. [citation required]
The granitic islands of the Seychelles host about 75 endemic plant species, with another about 25 species in the Aldabra group. Particularly well known is the coco de mer, a type of palm that only grows on the islands of Praslin and neighboring Curieuse. Sometimes called the “love nut” because the shape of its “double” coconut resembles a buttock, the coco-de-mer produces the heaviest seed in the world. The jellyfish tree can only be found in a few places on Mahé. This strange and ancient plant in a genus of its own (Medusagyne) appears to reproduce only in culture and not in the wild. Other unique plant species include Wright’s Gardenia (Rothmannia annae), which is found only in the Aride Island Special Reserve. There are several unique species of orchids on the islands.
The Seychelles host two terrestrial ecoregions: the granitic forests of Seychelles and the dry scrub of Aldabra Island.[55] The country had an average score of 10/10 in the 2019 Forest Landscape Integrity Index, ranking first out of 172 countries worldwide.[56]
Environmental issues[edit]
Wildlife has not feared snorkelers and divers since the use of spear guns and dynamite for fishing was banned in the 1960s through efforts by local conservationists. Coral bleaching in 1998 damaged most reefs, but some reefs are showing healthy recovery (like Silhouette Island).
Despite huge disparities between nations [citation needed], Seychelles claims to have achieved almost all of its Millennium Development Goals.[57] 17 MDGS and 169 targets were achieved. [citation needed] Protecting the environment is becoming a cultural value. [citation required]
Her government’s Seychelles climate guide describes the nation’s climate as rainy, with a dry season and an oceanic economy in the oceanic regions. Southeast trades are declining but still quite strong.[58] Weather patterns there are reportedly becoming less and less predictable.[59]
Demographics[ edit ]
Skyline of Victoria, capital and largest city of Seychelles
When the British gained control of the islands during the Napoleonic Wars, they allowed the French upper class to keep their lands. Both the French and British settlers used enslaved Africans, and although the British outlawed slavery in 1835, African laborers continued to come. Thus, the Gran blan (“big whites”) of French origin dominated economic and political life. The British administration employed Indians in debt bondage to the same extent as in Mauritius, resulting in a small Indian population. The Indians, like a similar minority of the Chinese, were limited to a merchant class.[60]
Today the Seychelles are described as a fusion of peoples and cultures. Numerous Seychellois are considered multiracial: mixing African, Asian, and European ancestry to create a modern Creole culture. Evidence of this harmonious blend can also be found in Seychellois cuisine, which incorporates various aspects of French, Chinese, Indian and African cuisines.
Because the islands of Seychelles had no indigenous population, modern-day Seychellois are descended from immigrants, the major ethnic groups of which were of African, French, Indian, and Chinese descent. The median age of the Seychellois is 34 years.[61]
languages [edit]
French and English are official languages along with Seychellois Creole, a French-based creole language. Seychellois Creole is the most widely spoken native language and is the de facto national language of the country. Seychellois Creole is often spoken with mixed English words and phrases.[62] About 91% of the population are native speakers of Seychellois Creole, 5.1% of English and 0.7% of French.[62] Most business and official meetings are held in English and almost all official websites are in English. The business of the National Assembly is conducted in Creole, but laws are passed and published in English.
religion [edit]
According to the 2010 census, most Seychelles are Christian: 76.2% were Roman Catholic and pastored by the Exempted Diocese of Port Victoria (directly subordinate to the Holy See); 10.6% were Protestant (Anglican 6.1%, Pentecostal 1.5%, Seventh-day Adventist 1.2%, other Protestant 1.6%).[63]
Hinduism is the second largest religion with more than 2.4% of the population.[64] Hinduism is mainly followed by the Indo-Seychelles community.[65]
Another 1.6% of the population follow Islam. Other faiths made up 1.1% of the population, and another 5.9% were not religious or reported no religion.[64]
economy [edit]
The sailfish on Mahé beach
Colorful skirts at the Seychelles market
A proportional representation of Seychelles exports, 2019
During the plantation period, cinnamon, vanilla and copra were the main exports. In 1965, during a three-month visit to the islands for the Governor-General of the then Crown Colony, the futurist Donald Prell prepared an economic report that included a scenario for the future of the economy. Quoting from his report, in the 1960s about 33% of the working population worked on plantations and 20% in the public or government sector.[66][67] The Indian Ocean Tracking Station on Mahé, used by the Air Force Satellite Control Network, closed in August 1996 after the Seychelles government attempted to increase the lease to more than $10,000,000 per year.
Since independence in 1976, per capita production has increased to around seven times the old subsistence level. The growth has been led by the tourism sector, which employs about 30% of the workforce, compared to agriculture, which employs about 3% of the workforce today. Despite the growth in tourism, agriculture and fishing continue to employ some people, as do industries processing coconut and vanilla.
As of 2013, the main export products are processed fish (60%) and frozen fish without fillet (22%).[68]
The main agricultural products currently produced in the Seychelles include sweet potatoes, vanilla, coconuts and cinnamon. These products provide much of the economic support for local people. Frozen and canned fish, copra, cinnamon and vanilla are the main exports.
Since the global economic crisis of 2008, the Seychelles government has prioritized budget deficit containment, including curbing social spending and further privatizing public companies. The government has a ubiquitous presence in economic activity, with public companies engaged in petroleum product distribution, banking, importing basic products, telecommunications, and a host of other businesses. According to the 2013 Index of Economic Freedom, which measures the degree of restricted government, market opening, regulatory efficiency, rule of law and other factors, economic freedom has increased every year since 2010.[69][unreliable source?]
The national currency of the Seychelles is the Seychellois rupee. Ursprünglich an einen Korb internationaler Währungen gebunden, wurde es 2008 entkoppelt und durfte abgewertet werden und frei schwanken, in der mutmaßlichen Hoffnung, weitere ausländische Investitionen in die Wirtschaft der Seychellen anzuziehen.
Die Seychellen sind im jüngsten Corruption Perception Index-Bericht, der im Januar 2020 von Transparency International veröffentlicht wurde, als das am wenigsten korrupte Land Afrikas hervorgegangen.[70]
Tourism[edit]
Strandresort auf den Seychellen
1971, mit der Eröffnung des internationalen Flughafens der Seychellen, wurde der Tourismus zu einem bedeutenden Wirtschaftszweig, der die Wirtschaft im Wesentlichen in Plantagen und Tourismus aufteilte. Der Tourismussektor zahlte besser, und die Plantagenwirtschaft konnte nur so weit expandieren. Der Plantagensektor der Wirtschaft verlor an Bedeutung und der Tourismus wurde zur Hauptindustrie der Seychellen. Infolgedessen gab es während fast der gesamten 1970er Jahre eine anhaltende Flut von Hotelbauten, darunter die Eröffnung von Coral Strand Smart Choice, Vista Do Mar und Bougainville Hotel im Jahr 1972.
In den letzten Jahren hat die Regierung ausländische Investitionen ermutigt, Hotels und andere Dienstleistungen zu verbessern. Diese Anreize haben zu enormen Investitionen in Immobilienprojekte und neue Resort-Immobilien geführt, wie z. B. das von der Weltbank vertriebene Projekt TIME zusammen mit seinem Vorgängerprojekt MAGIC. Trotz seines Wachstums wurde die Anfälligkeit des Tourismussektors durch den starken Rückgang in den Jahren 1991–1992 deutlich, der hauptsächlich auf den Golfkrieg zurückzuführen war.[71]
Seitdem hat sich die Regierung bemüht, die Abhängigkeit vom Tourismus zu verringern, indem sie die Entwicklung der Landwirtschaft, der Fischerei, der Kleinindustrie und zuletzt des Offshore-Finanzsektors durch die Einrichtung der Finanzdienstleistungsbehörde und die Verabschiedung mehrerer Gesetze ( wie unter anderem der International Corporate Service Providers Act, der International Business Companies Act, der Securities Act, der Mutual Funds and Hedge Fund Act). Im März 2015 wiesen die Seychellen Assumption Island zur Erschließung durch Indien zu.[72]
Aufgrund der Auswirkungen von COVID-19 haben die Seychellen im Jahr 2020 ihre Grenzen für den internationalen Tourismus geschlossen. Die Nation soll ihre Grenzen ab dem 25. März 2021 wieder für internationale Touristen öffnen Auswärtige Angelegenheiten und Tourismus haben die Entscheidung getroffen, ausländische Touristen zuzulassen und gleichzeitig Maßnahmen zur öffentlichen Gesundheit wie das Tragen von Gesichtsmasken, soziale Distanzierung, regelmäßige Desinfektion und Händewaschen aufrechtzuerhalten.[73]
energy [ edit ]
Obwohl multinationale Ölkonzerne die Gewässer rund um die Inseln erkundet haben, wurde weder Öl noch Gas gefunden. Im Jahr 2005 wurde mit der US-Firma Petroquest ein Vertrag unterzeichnet, der ihr bis 2014 Explorationsrechte auf etwa 30.000 km2 rund um die Inseln Constant, Topaz, Farquhar und Coëtivy einräumt. Die Seychellen importieren Öl aus dem Persischen Golf in Form von raffinierten Erdölderivaten in Höhe von ca. 5.700 Barrel pro Tag (910 m3/d).
In den letzten Jahren wurde Öl aus Kuwait und auch aus Bahrain importiert. Die Seychellen importieren dreimal mehr Öl als für den internen Gebrauch benötigt werden, da sie das überschüssige Öl in Form von Bunkern für Schiffe und Flugzeuge, die Mahé anlaufen, wieder exportieren. Auf den Inseln gibt es keine Raffineriekapazitäten. Oil and gas imports, distribution and re-export are the responsibility of Seychelles Petroleum (Sepec), while oil exploration is the responsibility of the Seychelles National Oil Company (SNOC).
Culture [ edit ]
Art [ edit ]
The Seychelles has a diverse and upcoming group of artists who draw inspiration from the islands around them.
A National Art Gallery was inaugurated in 1994 on the occasion of the official opening of the National Cultural Centre, which houses the National Library and National Archives with other offices of the Ministry of Culture.
At its inauguration, the Minister of Culture decreed that the exhibition of works of Seychellois artists, painters and sculptors was a testimony to the development of art in Seychelles as a creative form of expression, and provided a view of the state of the country’s contemporary art.
Many contemporary Seychellois artists have attended international universities since the country’s 1976 independence, and have been free to express themselves in a variety of styles.
Painters have traditionally been inspired by Seychelles’ natural features to produce a wide range of works in media ranging from watercolours to oils, acrylics, collages, metals, aluminium, wood, fabrics, gouache, varnishes, recycled materials, pastels, charcoal, embossing, etching, and giclee prints. Local sculptors produce fine works in wood, stone, bronze and cartonnage.
Recently published books provide unique overviews of contemporary art in Seychelles, and explore the country’s history and development of visual art.
music [edit]
Music and dance have always played prominent roles in Seychelles culture and local festivities. Rooted in African, Malagasy and European cultures, music characteristically features drums such as the tambour and tam-tam, and simple string instruments. The violin and guitar are relatively recent foreign imports which play a prominent role in contemporary music.
The Sega dance, with hip-swaying and shuffling of the feet, is still popular; as is the traditional Moutya, a dance dating back to the days of slavery, when it was often used to express strong emotions and discontent.
The music of Seychelles is diverse, a reflection of the fusion of cultures through its history. The folk music of the islands incorporates multiple influences in a syncretic fashion. It includes African rhythms, aesthetic and instrumentation, such as the zez and the bom (known in Brazil as berimbau); European contredanse, polka and mazurka; French folk and pop; sega from Mauritius and Réunion; taarab, soukous and other pan-African genres; and Polynesian, Indian and Arcadian music.
Contombley is a popular form of percussion music, as is Moutya, a fusion of native folk rhythms with Kenyan benga. Kontredans, based on European contra dance, is also popular, especially in district and school competitions during the annual Festival Kreol (International Creole Festival). Moutya playing and dancing often occur at beach bazaars. Music is sung in the Seychellois Creole of the French language, and in French and English.
Cuisine [ edit ]
Cutting open young coconuts for drinking, Seychelles
Staple foods of Sechelles include fish, seafood and shellfish dishes, often accompanied with rice.[74][75] Fish dishes are cooked several ways, such as steamed, grilled, wrapped in banana leaves, baked, salted and smoked.[74] Curry dishes with rice are also a significant part of the country’s cuisine.[75][76]
Other staples include coconut, breadfruit, mangoes and kordonnyen fish.[77] Dishes are often garnished with fresh flowers.[77]
media [edit]
The main daily newspaper is the Seychelles Nation, dedicated to local government views and current topics. Other political parties operate papers such as Regar. Foreign newspapers and magazines are readily available at most bookshops and newsagents. The papers are published mostly in Seychellois Creole, French and English.
The main television and radio network, operated by the Seychelles Broadcasting Corporation, offers locally produced news and discussion programmes in the Seychellois Creole language, between 3 pm and 11:30 pm on weekdays and longer hours on weekends. There are also imported English- and French-language television programmes on Seychellois terrestrial television, and international satellite television has grown rapidly in recent years.
Sports [ edit ]
Seychelles’ most popular sport is basketball, which has significantly grown in popularity in the last decade.[80] The country’s national team qualified for the 2015 African Games, where it competed against some of the continent’s largest countries, such as Egypt.
Women [ edit ]
Miss Seychelles 2008, Elene Angine
Seychellois society is essentially matrilineal.[81][82] Mothers tend to be dominant in the household, controlling most expenditures and looking after children’s interests.[81] Unwed mothers are the societal norm, and the law requires fathers to support their children.[82] Men are important for their earning ability, but their domestic role is relatively peripheral.[81]
LGBT rights[ edit ]
Same-sex sexual activity has been legal since 2016.[83] The bill decriminalizing homosexuality was approved in a 14–0 vote.[84] The employment discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation is banned in the Seychelles, making it one of the few African countries to have such protections for LGBT people.[85][86]
Education [edit]
Seychelles has the highest literacy rate of any country in sub-Saharan Africa.[87] According to The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency as of 2018, 95.9% of the population age 15 and over can read and write in Seychelles were respectively literate.[87]
Until the mid-19th century, little formal education was available in Seychelles. The Catholic and Anglican churches opened mission schools in 1851. The Catholic mission later operated boys’ and girls’ secondary schools with religious brothers and nuns from abroad even after the government became responsible for them in 1944.[88]
A teacher training college opened in 1959, when the supply of locally trained teachers began to grow, and in short time many new schools were established. Since 1981 a system of free education has been in effect, requiring attendance by all children in grades one to nine, beginning at age five. Ninety percent of all children attend nursery school at age four.[citation needed]
The literacy rate for school-age children rose to more than 90% by the late 1980s. Many older Seychellois had not been taught to read or write in their childhood; adult education classes helped raise adult literacy from 60% to a claimed 100% in 2014.[citation needed]
There are a total of 68 schools in Seychelles. The public school system consists of 23 crèches, 25 primary schools and 13 secondary schools. They are located on Mahé, Praslin, La Digue and Silhouette. Additionally, there are three private schools: École Française, International School and the independent school. All the private schools are on Mahé, and the International School has a branch on Praslin. There are seven post-secondary (non-tertiary) schools: the Seychelles Polytechnic, School of Advanced Level Studies, Seychelles Tourism Academy, University of Seychelles Education, Seychelles Institute of Technology, Maritime Training Center, Seychelles Agricultural and Horticultural Training Center and the National Institute for Health and Social Studies.[citation needed]
The administration launched plans to open a university in an attempt to slow down the brain drain that has occurred. University of Seychelles, initiated in conjunction with the University of London, opened on 17 September 2009 in three locations, and offers qualifications from the University of London.[89]
Notable people [ edit ]
Andy Mougal, football player
Siehe auch [Bearbeiten]
References[edit]
government
religion
General
Moyenne Island
Small island in Ste Anne Marine National Park off the north coast of Mahé, Seychelles
Moyenne Island is a small island (9.9 ha or 24 acres) in the Sainte Anne Marine National Park off the north coast of Mahé, Seychelles. It has been a flora and fauna reserve since the 1970s. The island was abandoned from 1915 through the 1960s until Brendon Grimshaw bought it for £8,000 (about $10,000). He was a newspaper editor from Dewsbury in Yorkshire, England.
Grimshaw was the island’s sole resident until his death in July 2012.[1] The island is now a national park and can be visited as part of organized excursions.[2][3]
history [edit]
Moyenne information panel (March 2016)
The island’s name was derived from the French moyenne, “middle”. It was said to have been used by pirates in the 18th and 19th centuries and contains two tombs called pirate tombs.
From 1946 to 1962 the island was owned by the late Philippe Georges. He and his wife Vera Georges had lived on the island in the early years and later moved to Mahé where they lived on the estate known as Fairview. An island view and a beach were named after Vera, who spent her days on the property while her husband Philippe worked on Mahe during the day.
Philippe sold the island to Brendon Grimshaw after they had dinner together. Philippe and Vera were very hospitable and invited Brendon to dinner when he approached them to buy their island. After a lengthy dinner, an agreement was reached. Grimshaw bought the island in 1962 for £8,000.[4]
Grimshaw and local youth René Antoine Lafortune[5] planted sixteen thousand trees, built 4.8 kilometers (3 miles) of nature trails and introduced and bred Aldabra giant tortoises to create an island of incredible beauty. In addition to a wide variety of plant and bird species, the island is home to around 120 giant tortoises.[6] In 2012, according to Grimshaw, the eldest was 76 years old and was named Desmond after his godson.
In 1996 Grimshaw wrote a book about himself and the island entitled A Grain of Sand.[7] In 2009 a documentary entitled A Grain of Sand was produced about Grimshaw and the island.
After 20 years of perseverance, Grimshaw and his assistant Lafortune achieved their goal of making Moyenne Island a national park in its own right,[10] separate from that of Ste. Anne marine park. The island is now known as Moyenne Island National Park.[11] The island is 4.5 kilometers (2+1⁄2 nautical miles) from the main island of Mahé.
Grimshaw died in Victoria, Mahé, in July 2012.
After the island was granted national park status in 2013, a new hut was built and a warden was stationed on the island to collect entrance fees from tourists.[12]
Administration [edit]
The island belongs to the district of Mont Fleuri.[13]
Tourism[edit]
Today the island’s main industry is tourism and it is well known for its beaches, particularly Anse Creole Travel Services (formerly known as Anse Jolly Roger). The restaurant on the beach is a paradise for tourists. The mayor’s house is behind the restaurant. The island is also visited for its wide variety of marine life such as fish, sharks and rays.
Image gallery[edit]
card 1
Moyenne Island
View of the island of Mahé
Moyenne Island
References[edit]
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